Pashudhan Varta

   Anestrous If your animal do not show heat signs then first of all deworming should be done Fenbendazole/Albendazole can be used for deworming. For better result use oxyclozanide for deworming. After that a good quality mineral mixture should given to the animal.(Two types/brands of mineral mixture can be given at a time for better result, one in powder form and another in trace mineral bolus form) Some of the good quality mineral mixture are listed below: POWDERED MINERAL MIXTURE Minfa gold Bovimin B Ultra Chelated Agrimin Super CRS Chelated Bestmin Himchelate VM All Chelated Totavit (100g daily from one of the above) IN THE FORM OF TRACE MINERAL BOLUS Totavit Strong Minotas XL Agrimin I Estrofit (One bolus daily for at least 21 days) After this treatment if animal do not show heat signs then VETY KIT OR OVULANTA KIT should be given After this hormonal treatment can be given to the animal

  TRAUMATIC PERICARDITIS Pericardial injury due to accidental swallowing of sharp metal objects. Etiology -  swallowing of sharp metallic objects. Symptoms - Prominent jugular vein Recurrent tympany Arc shaped spinal cord Hyperthermia Anorexia Stands in head down position Elbows become wide Diagnosis – By signs and symptoms Recurrent tympany Treatment – Rumenotomy Broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and b-complex Use of cortisone    

  SHOCK Sudden blood loss Etiology - Excessive bleeding through wound (surgical or traumatic) Dehydration Allergic shock Burn Fear Symptoms - Hypothermia Tachycardia Whitish mucus membrane Condition of coma Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms or by history of bleeding through wound Treatment –   Give dextrose intravenously Use broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and multivitamins Use cortisone inj. Provide warm environment to the animal Blood therapy in hypovolemic conditions      

  ANEMIA Low level of RBC’s in blood Etiology –   Wound (accidental or surgical) Protozoan diseases   Mineral deficiency (Cu, Co,  Etc.) Symptoms – whitish mucus membrane Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment – BFound the cause of disease and treat accordingly Provide good quality of mineral mixture Give iron supplements or give it parentally along with b-complex inj.  

  POST PARTURIENT HAEMOGLOBINURIA It occurs due to phosphorus deficiency after parturition in high yielding animals. It occurs in those areas where low availability of phosphorus is found in soil. Etiology - By low phosphorus feeding Symptoms - Reduced milk yield High respiration rate Red or coffee colored urine Dehydration Diagnose By signs and symptoms. And phosphorus level test in blood. Treatment - Administer phosphorus injections   B-complex or other multivitamin injections along with iron, vitamin A, vitamin C and analgesics   Provide Good quality of mineral mixture  

  MILK FEVER (HYPOCALCEMIA) This is a disease of high yielding animals. This mostly occurs just before and within 3-4 day after parturition. Older animals are more prone to this disease. Etiology - Low calcium level in blood By doing complete milking after parturition Low calcium absorption Low or no calcium containing feeding Improper ratio of calcium and phosphorus   Deficiency of vitamin D   Transport stress may cause milk fever   Sometime phosphorus and magnesium deficiency may cause milk fever Symptoms - Downer position Animal sits in a position so that her sternum touches the ground   Head deviated towards abdomen Low pulse rate Low body temperature This can cause coma and death Hypersensitive position Animal become hypersensitive Stiffness can be seen High fever Diagnose - By signs and symptoms Low calcium level found in blood when tested in lab Treatment - Give calcium Borogluconate or calcium magnesium Borogluconate Intravenously. Give calc...

  KETOSIS It occurs in milch animals by low carbohydrate feeding. And low glucose level in blood. Etiology - Low carbohydrate feeding Low quality concentrate feeding Symptoms - Wasting form Animal avoids eating grains Reduced milk yield Animal become weaker with time Ketonic (just like vinegar) smell from milk, urine and mouth Nervous form Hypersensitivity Stands in cross legged position Severing Improper gait Diagnose - By signs and symptoms Treatment- Give electrolyte infusions   Give b-complex and multivitamin injections along with analgesics and cortisones (if not pregnant) Give energy booster at least 8-10days Give good quality mineral mixture

  EMPHYSEMA Subcutaneous accumulation of gas Etiology - Rumenotomy By the use of trochar and cannula Lungworms Bacterial infection Symptoms - Accumulation of gas under the skin around the soft tissues Drum like sound on affected area Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment –   Deworm the animal Drain the accumulated gas by incision If there is any history of Rumenotomy or use of trochar and cannula then suturing of rumen in needed Use broad spectrum antibiotics along with b-complex  

  ALOPECIA Falling of hairs Etiology - Mineral deficiency Intestinal worms Chronic disease Iodine deficiency Skin disease Symptoms - Dried skin Hair fall Itching Diagnosis -  By signs and symptoms Treatment – Deworm the animal (ivermectin is preferred) Give good quality of mineral mixture Use antifungal ointments on affected areas  

ABCESS Accumulation of pus under the skin Etiology –   Trauma Insect bite Bacterial infection Symptoms - Immature - hard and painful, found blood when punctured Mature – soft and painless, found pus when punctured Diagnosis - by signs and symptoms Treatment - Immature - use irritants on affected area - Give broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and multivitamins (it will cure the immature abscess or make it mature) Mature - Drain the pus by incising the affected area Antiseptic dressing with povidone iodine and fill with povidone iodine gauge (change the gauge regularly for 3-5 days) Give broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and b-complex Give T.T. Vaccine  

  PNEUMONIA Inflammation of lungs Etiology - Cold weather Smoke in surroundings Bacterial or viral infection By drenching Sudden change in weather Lung worms Symptoms - Hyperthermia Difficulty in breathing Coughing Animal breaths through mouth Watery or mucosal discharge from nasal cavity Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment – Broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and b-complex Use cortisone inj. Deworm the animal Provide steam of TT oil 10% solution in water Keep the surroundings of animal airy and warm  

  EPISTAXIS/NASAL BLEEDING Bleeding from nostrils Etiology –   Trauma on nasal area Bacterial infection Wound in nasal cavity Nitrate/mercury poisoning Symptoms - Bleeding from one or both nostrils Difficulty in breathing High respiration rate Pale mucus membrane (excessive bleeding) Diagnosis –  by signs and symptoms or history of trauma Treatment - Use haemostatic drugs   Calcium inj. Broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and multivitamins Antihistamines    

URETHRITIS Inflammation of urethra Etiology - Bacterial infection By stone in urethra Infection in reproductive organs By the use of catheter Symptoms - Difficulty in urination Blood can be seen in urine Hyperthermia Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment - Broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and multivitamins   Use b-complex inj. Drain the urine with the help of catheter  

  HAEMOGLOBINURIA Presence of hemoglobin in urine Etiology - Bacillary hemoglobinuria Babesiosis Post parturient hemoglobinuria Copper sulphate poisoning Symptoms –   Coffee colored urine Presence of hemoglobin in urine No change in   nothing found in the bottom when kept steady Diagnosis - by signs and symptoms Treatment - Found the cause (Bacillary hemoglobinuria/PPH/Babesiosis)  

  HAEMATURIA  Blood on urine. Etiology - Inflammation in kidney or urinary tract   Stone in urinary tract Bacterial infection Symptoms - Red colored urine Weakness High respiration Pale mucus membrane Diagnosis –   By signs and symptoms. RBC’s will settle down when collected sample of urine remains steady for some time. Treatment –   Use haemostatic drugs Broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and b-complex Use iron and vitamin c inj.  

PICA Animal starts eating inedible objects like paper, cloths, soil, leather etc. Etiology - Intestinal worms Phosphorus deficiency Other mineral or vitamin deficiency Symptoms - Animal starts eating inedible objects like paper, cloths, soil, leather etc. Drinks urine Licking wall Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment – First of all deworm the animal Give good quality of mineral mixture Give phosphorus and iron supplements Provide salt to the animal to eat  

  BLOAT OR TYMPANY Accumulation of gases in rumen Etiology - Primary bloat - more than enough leguminous fodder intake Secondary bloat – obstruction in passing the gases of rumen Symptoms - Extended left flank Drum like sound on tapping the left flank Anorexia Stopped regurgitation Kicking the abdominal region Increase respiration rate Salivation Difficulty in breathing Death may occur in sever conditions Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment - Massage the left flank Provide anti bloats orally   Give b-complex and antihistamines parentally    

  INDIGESTION OR IMPACTION OF RUMEN Unable to digest feed Etiology - Feed more roughage Excessive feeding of concentrate Less water intake Excessive use of antibiotics Symptoms - Suspended regurgitation Less or no Ruminal movement Hard feces or no defecation Reduced milk yield Bloat can be seen in case of impaction Undigested feed in feces Diagnosis – by signs and symptoms Treatment – Reduce concentrate feeding   Give rumenotorics &digestive supplements to the animal Give anti bloats orally in case of bloat Give b-complex with liver extract along with antihistamines Provide enough water to drink Laxatives should be given orally Magnesium sulphate can also be give in case of impacted rumen Regular feeding of mineral mixture to the animal in important for healthy farming  

  PARALYSIS If any part of body stops working then this situation is called paralysis. Etiology -   Injury on motor nerves Malfunction of nerves Symptoms - -         Complete loss of work of any part of body Diagnosis -   By signs and symptom Treatment - Use nervine tonics orally and parentally Broad spectrum antibiotics along with b-complex and multivitamins Use analgesics parentally and topically Use cortisone inj . Feed mineral mixture to the animal on regular basis for healthy farming.    

  MENINGITIS Inflammation of brain meninges Etiology - By bacterial or Viral infection By trauma Poisoning of lead or copper Symptoms – Trismus Improper gait Paralysis may occur   Stiffness in neck Severing Diagnosis-  By symptoms Treatment - Use broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics, b-complex and multivitamins Nervine tonics orally(regular) and parentally   Use sedative or tranquilizers in hypersensitivity Use cortisone injection if animal is not pregnant Feed mineral mixture to the animal on regular basis for healthy farming.    

  EPILEPSY Disease of brain and nervous system. ETIOLOGY - External trauma Hereditary Abscess or cyst in brain Symptoms - Severing (frequently anytime anywhere) High respiration Trismus Cycling movement of legs Unconsciousness Diagnosis –  By signs and symptoms Treatment-   Use anticonvulsant drugs along with analgesics and cortisone injection Use multivitamin inj. Use Nervine tonics orally or parentally Feed mineral mixture to the animals on regular basis for healthy farming.

  ENCEPHALITIS INFLAMMATION OF BRAIN Etiology : By bacterial or viral infection By trauma By any elemental poisoning Symptoms : Excessive Salivation Improper gait Anorexia Fever Hypersensitivity Rotational movement Put the against the wall Sometimes blindness may occur Paralysis Diagnosis :  By signs and symptoms Treatment : Broad spectrum antibiotics along with analgesics and multivitamins for at least 3days Steroids can be used is animal is not pregnant Nervine tonics should be given orally or parentally Use Tranquilizers in case of hypersensitivity Feed mineral mixture to the animals on regular basis for healthy farming.  

  LIVER FLUKE Worms found in stomach, intestines and liver of the animal. Leaf shaped. Etiology : Fasciola hepatica named worm. Symptoms : Drowsiness Weakness Inflammation on lower jaw Whitish mucus membrane Diarrhea Enlarged stomach size Diagnosis : By signs and symptoms and fecal lab test. Treatment : Deworm the animal with oxyclozanide Multivitamin injections Give liver tonic Regular mineral mixture to the animal for healthy farming.

  LUNG WORM Worms found in respiratory system of the animal. Etiology : Spread by spoiled/contaminated feed or water. Symptoms : Fever Difficulty in breathing Nasal discharge Stands in head down position Coughing Elbow become wide Pneumonic symptoms Diagnosis : By signs and symptoms. Laboratory test of nasal discharge. Treatment : Deworm the animal with Oxyclozanide and levamisole. Broad spectrum antibiotic along with analgesic and multivitamins Provide good quality mineral mixture to the animal

  EYE WORMS Worms found in eyes of animals Etiology : Musca domestica named fly bite. Symptoms : Muddy discharge from eyes Cornea become opaque Worms can be seen in eyes Diagnosis : By signs and symptoms. Treatment : Deworm the animal with Ivermectin or levamisole or oxyclozanide. Use eye drops regularly till recovery Feed mineral mixture to the animals on regular basis for healthy farming.  

  GID Found in brain of sheep and goat. Spread by contaminated feed or water that contains their larvae. Etiology : Tinia Multiceps named worm. Symptoms :   Tilted head Circulatory motion of animal Improper gait Inflammation of skull can be seen Diagnosis : By signs and symptoms Treatment : Only surgical procedure is helpful.

  HEPATITIS   Inflammation of liver Etiology - Bacterial infection Liver fluke Mineral deficiency Elemental poisoning Symptoms - Anorexia Recurrent diarrhea or constipation   Jaundice Diagnosis –  Liver function tests and by signs and symptoms Treatment –   Give broad spectrum antibiotics along with b-complex and liver extract Deworm the animal   Give enough rest to the animal Regular mineral mixture feeding is necessary for healthy farming.